EXTRACTION OF NATURAL DYE FROM ARECA PRECIPITATE USING DIVERSE TECHNIQUES AND INVESTIGATION OF ITS INDUSTRIAL USES

Abstract

Natural dye was extracted using areca precipitate. Varied color intensities were obtained by the dyes recovered from areca precipitate at varied concentrations (10%, 5%, and 1%), using methanol and water as a solvent. When extracting colors, water produced a more vibrant hue than when methanol was used as the solvent. The UV-Vis absorption spectra of the water and methanol extracts were obtained, and it was discovered that the absorption maxima of both extracts were in the same range: 241 nm for the water extract and 246 nm for the methanol extract. The color intensity of extracted dyes increased with increasing pH under various alkaline circumstances (pH 8–12). There was a qualitative phytochemical analysis carried out. The components that were present were tannins, amino acids, and saponins; all other substances were lacking. Retardation factor (Rf) for the most resolved component was found to be closer to tannic acid, gallic acid, and catechin. The extracted phytochemicals' Rf values matched those of the real samples. Different dye concentrations resulted in fabric that was colored in various colors of brown with differing intensities. On fabric treated with the same mordant, 1% aqueous and alcoholic dye created a very light shade of brown, whereas 5% dye generated muddy brown and bright brown colors. By employing different mordants, different shades of brown were produced. For example, practically black color was produced when FeSO4 was used as a mordant; varied shades of brown were produced using alum as a mordant; and reddish-brown color was produced with lodhra as a mordant. In the Textiles Committee lab, dyed fabric's light fastness and wash fastness were evaluated. The colored fabric's fastness qualities, such as its wash and light fastness, were rated 3 and 4 on the grey scale, respectively, meaning that it possessed fair to good fastness qualities. Against every examined bacterium, the extracted color exhibited antibacterial action. Staphylococcus aureus, Sarcina, and E. coli were all susceptible to the areca dye's commendable antibacterial action. The appearance of pale pink and light brown color served as the endpoints for calculating the normality of strong acid, HCl, utilizing phenolphthalein and areca precipitate extract as indicators.